Urban farming is commercial food production inside city limits — leveraging otherwise-unused space (vacant lots, rooftops, warehouses, parking-lot edges) to grow food for nearby customers. Economics are usually driven by short supply chains (low transport cost) and access to premium-price buyers (urban CSAs, restaurants, farmers markets).
Modern urban farming includes traditional outdoor plots, rooftop and vertical operations, hydroponic and aquaponic indoor farms, and community-garden-aggregator models. Regulatory friction (zoning, water rights, composting permits) is often the hardest operational challenge.